tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2339449771614127842024-03-21T11:24:53.428-07:00SiewWuiMengD042428SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.comBlogger90125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-20259487060431001602011-12-16T05:01:00.000-08:002012-01-15T06:53:36.644-08:00A beautiful lotus.......<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLnPWXzd3BRJylEIn13Sv-oxCx5QNAfm-3D8EnUjRbPH3OCOJ7_UmTofRV49X52FSiitZ4LLmn5OBir38i4sSFJQgWiZCc1JLDyzkcntumBvJL_bKXQbluvoNawIB7SAlSjzOgOiNCkFc/s1600/DSC_0931.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLnPWXzd3BRJylEIn13Sv-oxCx5QNAfm-3D8EnUjRbPH3OCOJ7_UmTofRV49X52FSiitZ4LLmn5OBir38i4sSFJQgWiZCc1JLDyzkcntumBvJL_bKXQbluvoNawIB7SAlSjzOgOiNCkFc/s400/DSC_0931.JPG" width="265" /></a></div><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw8BwES3ieo3snMXO2CZwHXDJkKLUVBiwApn_OKXdkfiivqosJsWtVRHw5GOm8SRfs8SWzagH3MIXbAFcaONZL2CWWgsasAnWvQWL9yum9OIk1sJRGwcboGIA9D-nFZ8qWrcimSwRjRPE/s1600/DSC_2544.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw8BwES3ieo3snMXO2CZwHXDJkKLUVBiwApn_OKXdkfiivqosJsWtVRHw5GOm8SRfs8SWzagH3MIXbAFcaONZL2CWWgsasAnWvQWL9yum9OIk1sJRGwcboGIA9D-nFZ8qWrcimSwRjRPE/s400/DSC_2544.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-5906183040437942892011-12-07T06:36:00.001-08:002011-12-07T06:36:41.335-08:00Strength vs. Stability<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-size: large;">Strength vs. Stability</span><br />
<hr style="background-color: white; color: #111111;" /><img align="right" hspace="10" src="http://pages.uoregon.edu/struct/courseware/461/461_lectures/461_lecture1/greek_column.jpeg" style="background-color: white; color: #111111;" vspace="7" /><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">There are two issues that will be emphasized throughout this course that are crucial to the understanding of Architectonics:</div><ul style="background-color: white; color: #111111;"><b></b>
<li><b>Strength</b><br />
the capacity of the individual elements, which together make up a structural system, to withstand the load that is applied to it.<b></b></li>
<li><b>Stability</b><br />
the capability of a structural system to transmit various loadings safely to the ground.</li>
</ul><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">These two critical issues are experienced daily from the moment that an individual is born. A newborn baby cannot even hold its own head upright. The large mass of the head requires a support system that has sufficient strength to enable the head to maintain its stability. This steadily increases as the bones, muscles and tendons of the skeletal and muscular systems increase in strength. Eventually the extra support provided by the arm or hand is no longer needed. The first challenge posed by gravity is overcome.</span><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">Crawling on four points of support proves to be a very stabile situation for quite a long time. The "leap" to the unstable two point stance is the next development in our understanding of the influence of gravity. Again, the structural system must develop to the point that the individual elements of the system have acquired sufficient strength. The first steps are made: an action of supreme coordination of hundreds of elements that becomes second nature to homo sapiens.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">The list can be extrapolated to touch on many aspects of the human experience; riding tricycles and bicycles, jumping on trampolines, exercising on parallel bars, sliding on ice skates, sailing in a heavy wind, rocking a small boat, . . . . the list is endless. These are part of the human experience and each and every one rely on an inherent understanding of strength and stability.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">How many times has a parent scolded a child to "put four on the floor!!!"? What the parent really means to say is, "if you do not put all of the legs of your chair on the ground, you are going to tip over!" Both strength and stability issues are addressed in this simple exclamation. Under normal conditions, the elements which make up the chair (its legs, bracing and seat) can easily resist the implied vertical loads. The <b>strength</b> of the individual elements of the chair have been designed for this type of static load. The seat (as a horizontal load-bearing element) must transfer its load through a connection to the legs (vertical load-bearing elements). Granted, some chairs will withstand a greater load than others, but they all resist the pull of gravity on the person sitting in them. If the legs cannot support the applied load they will fracture or break. These are examples of strength failure.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;"><img align="right" hspace="10" src="http://pages.uoregon.edu/struct/courseware/461/461_lectures/461_lecture1/bball_stand1.gif" vspace="7" /></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">The <b>stability</b> of the system of elements depends upon the orientation of the chair in space. When it stands upright, on all four legs, it is a stable stystem. If it is on it's side, the chair might not be able to resist the loads for which it was designed. As it is tilted onto the back two legs, the structural system loses its equilibrium. At a certain point the chair as a system becomes unstable, fails and gravity pulls the supported load to the ground. This is a stability failure. In this type of failure, the individual elements retain their strength even as the system fails. The chair (system) could also have failed if the two supporting legs had experienced a strength failure (broken).</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">In each of these situations the chair, as a structural system, has reached the limit of its strength. As the saying goes, a chain (structural system) is only as strong as the weakest link (element)!</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">Any structural system can be studied in light of these two issues. For example, the column of the Greek temple shown above is an element that can experience a strength (crushing) failure, or a system (buckling) failure. It is/was part of a larger structural system.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #111111;"></div><h3 style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">Questions for Thought</h3><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: #111111;">What are some structural systems that you can see around you as you sit? How could they fail? How would one of Marcel Breuer's stainless steel tube chairs be discussed in relation to the issues of strength and stability? How would you describe the working of the support systems of your body in relation to the issues of strength and stability? How would you describe the basketball backboard and supporting structure shown in terms of strength and stability?</span>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-31002770044230936122011-12-07T06:32:00.001-08:002011-12-07T06:32:17.897-08:00Factors that affect stability<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;">Factors that affect stability.</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br />
</span></b><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">1. The position of the centre of gravity. </span></b><br />
A lower centre of gravity gives more stability to an object.<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>2. The size of the base area. </b></span><br />
An object with a large base has better support and more stability compared to an object with a smaller <br />
base.<br />
<br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">3. The weight of the object. </span></b><br />
A heavier object is more stable than a lighter one. If an object has different densities, the heavier part of it <br />
will have a lower centre of gravity.<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;"><b>The Importance of Stability In Our Daily Life</b></span><br />
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1. Racing cars are made more stable by having most of their weight as low down as possible. This ensures a <br />
low centre of gravity for the cars. Their wheels are also kept far apart to give them a wide base.<br />
<br />
2. A weight lifter bends his leg and keeps them wide apart.<br />
<br />
3. The passengers of a double-decker bus are not allowed to stand on the upper deck.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKjs5xfsboiq_33cD5L-aKcSw_Jzv7w6QIJtMKqVM3YVP2K8xlYigHhn0VnomsnaN50nmrQgnEneqbPgDO0_8c-Z9hyphenhyphenALr6HmkX0X1Q-Zlqswa-qcxdOvgbYBLNNq5Mqu5HuqgX4NX4cM/s1600/stability.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="521" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKjs5xfsboiq_33cD5L-aKcSw_Jzv7w6QIJtMKqVM3YVP2K8xlYigHhn0VnomsnaN50nmrQgnEneqbPgDO0_8c-Z9hyphenhyphenALr6HmkX0X1Q-Zlqswa-qcxdOvgbYBLNNq5Mqu5HuqgX4NX4cM/s640/stability.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-size: large;">• other reference books add one more factor that affect the stability is the weight of the object. </span></b>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-10358788300626383682011-12-07T06:26:00.000-08:002011-12-07T06:26:21.557-08:00Relationship Between Centre of Gravity and Stability1. When an object is in equilibrium, its supported either at its centre of gravity or at a point vertically above or below its centre of gravity.<br />
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2. Stability refers to an object’s ability to remain in its original position.<br />
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3. The stability of an object is its ability to return to its original position when the object is moved or tilted<br />
slightly.<br />
<br />
4. Its is unstable equilibrium if it continues to move further from its original position after being displaced and then released.<br />
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5. Its in neutral equilibrium if remains in its displaced<br />
<br />
6. Figure below shows three type of equilibrium;<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLPA6YJVrnp5rUesRklgdiQddqnDYfOs_IdGG-rHZ3DpXqPCxU46N2QHNlpwzgclLkZNX4Ecjhr8bBR9B2IVecIrGh-dU4jWyIvTnPL-xH6TH7Vi4Uwa0seMIrA96j2wY85_MYwIFruVA/s1600/stable+equilibrium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLPA6YJVrnp5rUesRklgdiQddqnDYfOs_IdGG-rHZ3DpXqPCxU46N2QHNlpwzgclLkZNX4Ecjhr8bBR9B2IVecIrGh-dU4jWyIvTnPL-xH6TH7Vi4Uwa0seMIrA96j2wY85_MYwIFruVA/s640/stable+equilibrium.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-18706906375951044362011-12-07T06:17:00.000-08:002011-12-07T07:07:39.585-08:00Strength of Structure<div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span>The strength of a structure is the ability to resist stress and strength put on the structure. Bending, compression, tension, vibration and turbulence are some of the stresses that structures must withstand. Factors that affect the strength of a structure include the types of materials used, its length, the cross sectional area or shape, how the structure is placed, weathering environment such as high or low temperature, humidity and others.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> Wood, brick, stone, iron, steel and aluminium are examples of some of the materials available for building structures, We can combine materials in order to use their best properties for examples fiberglass or glass reinforced plastic. So does reinforced concrete which enables concrete beams to withstand tension.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><br />
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2JGDSUhjS0jgmhAqEd65IPtTKesB6ACfSQNs0QslzG1JIZPJMFpmLnAmk8jZNYCHAppqSk0uBx4NqSn0kbPMqXU2wh3H6D4YhGclDMu55t3SOXKZCRSv-82vgBkrR46Ozy9pD3zyQfRU/s1600/aluminium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2JGDSUhjS0jgmhAqEd65IPtTKesB6ACfSQNs0QslzG1JIZPJMFpmLnAmk8jZNYCHAppqSk0uBx4NqSn0kbPMqXU2wh3H6D4YhGclDMu55t3SOXKZCRSv-82vgBkrR46Ozy9pD3zyQfRU/s200/aluminium.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Aluminium</td></tr>
</tbody></table><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSI1yytd8vC2GDK2WaLG0sxNtVlD4OYi48Rl2zOUewmto28EvzkYmnDN4RJcFa6M0QJ6bf20-bNW_VvBJDMU-PDYJ4Sk0M7KixB-8AT8-dSAipf2PWbpYKF3QA9Om6F6n-Yh2ZeJBmSfE/s1600/steel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSI1yytd8vC2GDK2WaLG0sxNtVlD4OYi48Rl2zOUewmto28EvzkYmnDN4RJcFa6M0QJ6bf20-bNW_VvBJDMU-PDYJ4Sk0M7KixB-8AT8-dSAipf2PWbpYKF3QA9Om6F6n-Yh2ZeJBmSfE/s200/steel.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Steel</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHqftHkCdN3ZMJyMy5fly3wIxle-yVrwtyXRJv3SYLIgxp679ys80ULPmWK8otypRM2zr0hWmuc-mZOwj1A-YiMCvem3J8XQpcHVHHUP_z6Dy_cVXbpNNoJMZYVEfSp3x8pHb7n5cr2cM/s1600/single-brick.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHqftHkCdN3ZMJyMy5fly3wIxle-yVrwtyXRJv3SYLIgxp679ys80ULPmWK8otypRM2zr0hWmuc-mZOwj1A-YiMCvem3J8XQpcHVHHUP_z6Dy_cVXbpNNoJMZYVEfSp3x8pHb7n5cr2cM/s200/single-brick.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Brick</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWyCSx1huwdyF-HDzAgKTiW6E8U_VUlFIMrehXAuzOW_ij2-phdoiD7N1wKtwUPrHyRkZ2l43kZj4YAmOxghVGHcXnPwbUrSBTxpkDdsBE_SiO8bqW338JbC3yaPfWIAAXbXFG5wHO9c/s1600/wood.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWyCSx1huwdyF-HDzAgKTiW6E8U_VUlFIMrehXAuzOW_ij2-phdoiD7N1wKtwUPrHyRkZ2l43kZj4YAmOxghVGHcXnPwbUrSBTxpkDdsBE_SiO8bqW338JbC3yaPfWIAAXbXFG5wHO9c/s200/wood.jpg" width="146" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wood</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_VgJ_Oq4gGcuBa1FC-GD1H0klViZx2lqsre0EpYq537eeNSJJoKQSPmCU3a3s2UugUMnolDkHcj1TinCABJRM3k7FtJLnsPK2bC3hVWkXNBXznAmerDYkRxPhEtWbo1Eqh8M8jOSUAWE/s1600/stone.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="146" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_VgJ_Oq4gGcuBa1FC-GD1H0klViZx2lqsre0EpYq537eeNSJJoKQSPmCU3a3s2UugUMnolDkHcj1TinCABJRM3k7FtJLnsPK2bC3hVWkXNBXznAmerDYkRxPhEtWbo1Eqh8M8jOSUAWE/s200/stone.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Stone</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8UP2ZhhhDNdgiLh1u45mwnnO96jE8BLhbvWJvPznHfyQUtTECw1j6GTaAZFJqCJ4gv4cDsMM2X7s8YU47NALxkuSUyksA8fiLA7qGxvKCAB-kiMlkbnAbqARWo6ASSQ_nudlae4hUkKc/s1600/Rusted-metal-fence-posts.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8UP2ZhhhDNdgiLh1u45mwnnO96jE8BLhbvWJvPznHfyQUtTECw1j6GTaAZFJqCJ4gv4cDsMM2X7s8YU47NALxkuSUyksA8fiLA7qGxvKCAB-kiMlkbnAbqARWo6ASSQ_nudlae4hUkKc/s200/Rusted-metal-fence-posts.jpg" width="150" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>Rusted Steel</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><span lang="EN-US">Steel is material created for high strength, corrosion resistant and elasticity. Steel is very strong because of its weight, strength and is relatively inexpensive. Steel is one of the strongest materials in construction, strong in compression and tension. The weakness of steel is it rusts and loses strength in extremely high temperatures.</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US">The use of concrete in construction dates back to Roman era, but the modern practice of using reinforced concrete in construction is new to this century. Using steel embedded within a concrete beam, column or slab utilizes the strength of the steel in conjunction with the compressed strength of the concrete to make a stronger and safer structure called reinforced concrete. An example is in the move towards more and more reinforced concrete in the construction of long span bridges.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnvvrRkA9_wGKu4v5eTPITJh43oEtOzfEn2tZ3aV9mYlCsRhnJIq0D7eqU4i9s6Gf5gfWkX7dEYK5axEEQRQ1TCOlHmaQlP3-fsD2WDbQs9X0gITV3c_R1yHvCNXm3ndXqCXZ72Eow_rg/s1600/long+span+bridge.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnvvrRkA9_wGKu4v5eTPITJh43oEtOzfEn2tZ3aV9mYlCsRhnJIq0D7eqU4i9s6Gf5gfWkX7dEYK5axEEQRQ1TCOlHmaQlP3-fsD2WDbQs9X0gITV3c_R1yHvCNXm3ndXqCXZ72Eow_rg/s400/long+span+bridge.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>Long Span Bridge</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><span lang="EN-US"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 21.0pt;">Wood is quite strong in compression. This is one of the reasons why people build houses from wood. Wood is not easy to break because it is strong when pulled in the direction of its fibres. It is three times easier to break a block of wood if it is stretched from top to bottom, across the direction of its fibres.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQjWhGYPT1DLrOYnQwIej1tYwF41D80F12O3QMf4sIV_UDLOgrqyy_dFZVLOXJJn_bjXEvJA4HILGQK_1O4DsYqCi94y7yQpdrZSD0Y-lVjcuM7jtVtbpSmcnGtJIWh-xy37_XeCTuj6g/s1600/wood+house.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQjWhGYPT1DLrOYnQwIej1tYwF41D80F12O3QMf4sIV_UDLOgrqyy_dFZVLOXJJn_bjXEvJA4HILGQK_1O4DsYqCi94y7yQpdrZSD0Y-lVjcuM7jtVtbpSmcnGtJIWh-xy37_XeCTuj6g/s320/wood+house.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>Wood House</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Just as important as the type of materials used in building a structure, the way in which the structure is placed is also important. Architects and engineers need to be aware of the loads and stresses on structures. Arches for instance, have been used in stable constructions, such as the main support structure most often found in bridges.</span></div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-29626416392099908652011-12-07T06:16:00.000-08:002011-12-07T06:16:01.661-08:00Stability of Objects<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Stability can be defined as the ability of objects to return to its original state if disturbed. If an object is more stable, it can be able to resist larger forces. Objects that are stable will not topple over because they have their weight concentrated low down. This point is called the centre of gravity and the lower it is, the more stable is the object.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> An object is stable when its centre of gravity is located over its base. The lower an object’s centre og gravity is, complete to the height, the less likely it is to fall. The higher the object, the less stable it is. It means, the taller a structure is, the more it moves when forces like wind acts on it. The other factor that affects stability is based area. The wider the base area, the more stable the object is. The wider the bass of support, the easier it is to maintain balance. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-char-indent-count: 1.9; text-indent: 20.9pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Here are some examples of everyday life situations used to explain how base area and height affect the stability of a structure.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-char-indent-count: 1.9; text-indent: 20.9pt;"><br />
</div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-size: 11.0pt;">Based area<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-size: 11.0pt;">Height<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 9.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">* A heavy weight lifter spreads his legs to add stability.<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 8.8pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.98; text-indent: -8.8pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">* Big animals such as elephant and rhinoceros have short legs to lower the centre of gravity for stability.<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 9.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">* The wide distance between the wheels of a racing car is to increase the base area of the car in order to maintain its stability when it is moving fast.<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 9.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">* Racing cars are designed with low bodies to lower the centre of gravity.<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 9.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">* Laboratory apparatus such as a conical flask and tripod stand has a wide base for the purpose of stability.<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 9.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">* Boat passengers are advised to sit when the boats for stability.<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 9.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: -1.0; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">The cross sectional * A raft is more stable than a kayak because a kayak has less base area<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-84938358117573817952011-12-07T06:08:00.000-08:002011-12-07T06:08:54.878-08:00The shapes of objects in structure<ul><li>Many objects around us are made up of basic shapes.</li>
<li>The following diagrams are some of the basic shapes that can be found around us.</li>
</ul><br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>1. Sphere</b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXE8tZyiq_CQytyyhEzIIsatWBBhKTCSb8CU0GpkwKSE5Rf1Cxa0VkwLofU5lOEaptIWktIIJgsjMtiFtKTNyDVm1CWIiWbTiAaxOt_GP85qGuzj-5Ct8srY9rt7pefNmmi7I8yyf_QVU/s1600/Sphere.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXE8tZyiq_CQytyyhEzIIsatWBBhKTCSb8CU0GpkwKSE5Rf1Cxa0VkwLofU5lOEaptIWktIIJgsjMtiFtKTNyDVm1CWIiWbTiAaxOt_GP85qGuzj-5Ct8srY9rt7pefNmmi7I8yyf_QVU/s200/Sphere.png" width="199" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>2. Hemisphere</b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeHJ5fpfluSLwGo5qr2O-6oi18greiwH-twBx4XQ8eP3IFOf2HxbWQdrgjOq4TH2Hi8eSYnzvn1Cxb8giQQtj7brIhS1gjsepaUJPrU1qeeboUhyphenhyphenDE1o0sBh2vomvaB_Vl5Kttnh08d44/s1600/Hemisphere.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeHJ5fpfluSLwGo5qr2O-6oi18greiwH-twBx4XQ8eP3IFOf2HxbWQdrgjOq4TH2Hi8eSYnzvn1Cxb8giQQtj7brIhS1gjsepaUJPrU1qeeboUhyphenhyphenDE1o0sBh2vomvaB_Vl5Kttnh08d44/s200/Hemisphere.png" width="200" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>3. Cylinder</b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF5YM62FylYsDYTW3VkqWnv3HBEfNdBHjkXva5SD8GCDkNPiAiODID0z4KHXTNejQL091cpfzMFG__xu1zEIKaMYfwsO2WChAlUGln5cdPvvg_S2ceWgC3CeJu2bIljl_QAYrgj4Xovgk/s1600/cylinder.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="183" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF5YM62FylYsDYTW3VkqWnv3HBEfNdBHjkXva5SD8GCDkNPiAiODID0z4KHXTNejQL091cpfzMFG__xu1zEIKaMYfwsO2WChAlUGln5cdPvvg_S2ceWgC3CeJu2bIljl_QAYrgj4Xovgk/s200/cylinder.gif" width="200" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>4. Cone</b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP_vG5FYdumxhUe2wiaNdOFdyXRbgZUEDfk1G_9n2PYJuAI7AhGOKrtY9hTqSYMHQTs7Ka92YFz_AU9cazmTJYs0EIER-cTfi1UfAIqnjxYP5Gh1D-VQ2wJGVddkgynyk-eE2Nph46YzI/s1600/cone.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP_vG5FYdumxhUe2wiaNdOFdyXRbgZUEDfk1G_9n2PYJuAI7AhGOKrtY9hTqSYMHQTs7Ka92YFz_AU9cazmTJYs0EIER-cTfi1UfAIqnjxYP5Gh1D-VQ2wJGVddkgynyk-eE2Nph46YzI/s200/cone.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>5. Cube</b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRgZNNKtrUXtk5blS_cOTjaMfndqAfJhpYc_GSmpAGIZFCUiQArR1Pt5bhEpPy3-dDI4N9aNtTkqq1N6_FcOBx1wQe04nVsSCd9KThb7No0NuX0hhvo0JYeyz2Hc3qRCy_qZEQxx7QHaE/s1600/cube-shape.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRgZNNKtrUXtk5blS_cOTjaMfndqAfJhpYc_GSmpAGIZFCUiQArR1Pt5bhEpPy3-dDI4N9aNtTkqq1N6_FcOBx1wQe04nVsSCd9KThb7No0NuX0hhvo0JYeyz2Hc3qRCy_qZEQxx7QHaE/s200/cube-shape.png" width="200" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>6. Pyramid</b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIqulcXmnlq5wpQvNYHUAs-923pwOorWZ6bp0UpLFlkjoxmIjojoO9WZIDLDN-SnFJ0UBuQ0vmo_N8ThykIPVZS2AX3sjLbFXt0mp58gNNYEDAEdwnGe3XiPWwxZY6VyBJxzqsmMjEqms/s1600/Pyramid.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIqulcXmnlq5wpQvNYHUAs-923pwOorWZ6bp0UpLFlkjoxmIjojoO9WZIDLDN-SnFJ0UBuQ0vmo_N8ThykIPVZS2AX3sjLbFXt0mp58gNNYEDAEdwnGe3XiPWwxZY6VyBJxzqsmMjEqms/s200/Pyramid.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b>7. Cuboid</b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUj1gDd3LsXmBaw2PWy7cN-lbCYwqU8Ek2k5ERzHbsG1iSw0tl61hhzyGO0kQVRzgRkSTKB_HG79-CoG06oDsmDnm61gynFhB6v1R4Ths1l35tLScHqwtqMQaZ9tnqJc3xorNUvTv6owM/s1600/cuboid.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUj1gDd3LsXmBaw2PWy7cN-lbCYwqU8Ek2k5ERzHbsG1iSw0tl61hhzyGO0kQVRzgRkSTKB_HG79-CoG06oDsmDnm61gynFhB6v1R4Ths1l35tLScHqwtqMQaZ9tnqJc3xorNUvTv6owM/s1600/cuboid.gif" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><br />
</b></span>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-79900747134480012522011-12-07T05:59:00.000-08:002011-12-07T05:59:04.860-08:00Chapter 12-Strength and Stability<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t136" coordsize="21600,21600"
o:spt="136" adj="10800" path="m@7,l@8,m@5,21600l@6,21600e"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="sum #0 0 10800"/> <v:f eqn="prod #0 2 1"/> <v:f eqn="sum 21600 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @2"/> <v:f eqn="sum 21600 0 @3"/> <v:f eqn="if @0 @3 0"/> <v:f eqn="if @0 21600 @1"/> <v:f eqn="if @0 0 @2"/> <v:f eqn="if @0 @4 21600"/> <v:f eqn="mid @5 @6"/> <v:f eqn="mid @8 @5"/> <v:f eqn="mid @7 @8"/> <v:f eqn="mid @6 @7"/> <v:f eqn="sum @6 0 @5"/> </v:formulas> <v:path textpathok="t" o:connecttype="custom" o:connectlocs="@9,0;@10,10800;@11,21600;@12,10800"
o:connectangles="270,180,90,0"/> <v:textpath on="t" fitshape="t"/> <v:handles> <v:h position="#0,bottomRight" xrange="6629,14971"/> </v:handles> <o:lock v:ext="edit" text="t" shapetype="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t136" style='width:323.25pt;
height:20.25pt' fillcolor="#9400ed" strokecolor="#eaeaea" strokeweight="1pt"> <v:fill color2="blue" angle="-90" colors="0 #a603ab;13763f #0819fb;22938f #1a8d48;34079f yellow;47841f #ee3f17;57672f #e81766;1 #a603ab"
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fitpath="t" string="Strength and Stability"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: navy; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">The two most important things that engineers or architects need to look at when building something is its strength and stability. The bigger the objegt that they want to build, the more important it is for the object to be stranger and more stable. For example, stronger materials such as steel and concrete are need when building a big bridge that allows thousands of vehicles to travel on it at the same time. However, less stronger materials such as wood can be used to build smaller bridges that are used by people or fewer vehicles. Apart from the materials used, the shape of the object is important as it provides stability for the object. This is especially important in the construction of tall buildings such as the Petronas Twin Towers ( KLCC ) and the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Kuala Lumpur</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Tower</st1:placetype></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: navy; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Khji1TpMSS_voO21zyWteo3Jk3UcR_oMi1ysfskAdQifmI2gnt7OPwsM3C_aLJYrL93_GNV4CeYum4ZRJCJhPzxoRb1MEnPbTc8ib3ltw1uys8ME81m71saxdzjpx33Pr3mwpJvCPy8/s1600/klSyline35mmmdm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="403" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Khji1TpMSS_voO21zyWteo3Jk3UcR_oMi1ysfskAdQifmI2gnt7OPwsM3C_aLJYrL93_GNV4CeYum4ZRJCJhPzxoRb1MEnPbTc8ib3ltw1uys8ME81m71saxdzjpx33Pr3mwpJvCPy8/s640/klSyline35mmmdm.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: navy; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"><br />
</span></div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-33279149405020648692011-12-07T05:54:00.001-08:002011-12-07T05:54:41.968-08:00Moon Phase<object style="height: 390px; width: 640px"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/2aFGNGEcDOk?version=3&feature=player_detailpage"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/2aFGNGEcDOk?version=3&feature=player_detailpage" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowScriptAccess="always" width="640" height="360"></object>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-57097618430209149872011-12-07T05:53:00.000-08:002011-12-07T05:53:59.012-08:00The Phases of the Moon<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #003300; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">The Phases of the Moon<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">The revolution of the Moon around the Earth makes the Moon seems to change its shape in the night sky. This is caused by the different angles we see from the bright part of the Moon’s surface. This is called “phases” of the Moon. Of course, the Moon does not generate any light itself; it just reflects the light of the Sun. The Moon goes through four major shapes during a cycle that repeats itself every 28 days. These phases follow the sequence of their occurrence,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"><br />
</span></i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCod8vso4KQrfLclgQnlxnZ-gIgpLihvWdqHVrF3GVAwem7uXhjkCa0D3fSTDhgIQ0342F9pkemQwC1wUylqUssm-r5U6P2ljalnLi42i1EmAypAfL3OSaegE6etRIk8Nc7fT6s5X7_LU/s1600/MoonAni.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCod8vso4KQrfLclgQnlxnZ-gIgpLihvWdqHVrF3GVAwem7uXhjkCa0D3fSTDhgIQ0342F9pkemQwC1wUylqUssm-r5U6P2ljalnLi42i1EmAypAfL3OSaegE6etRIk8Nc7fT6s5X7_LU/s320/MoonAni.gif" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"><br />
</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"><br />
</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"><br />
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</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPbJaP6TxAQn6OzBUBBbxYYUol1dsnGCypw0htwjZDLEbNjigzggjsMebLjlzlGpLAIwIQG_FvuwFpvhsh-Oq7HKsHxV3qpESERh9LQvacCMm9bE50-VblKoS3ZYQK25OU-ywxTzKTGvs/s1600/Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_450px+%25281%2529.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPbJaP6TxAQn6OzBUBBbxYYUol1dsnGCypw0htwjZDLEbNjigzggjsMebLjlzlGpLAIwIQG_FvuwFpvhsh-Oq7HKsHxV3qpESERh9LQvacCMm9bE50-VblKoS3ZYQK25OU-ywxTzKTGvs/s320/Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_450px+%25281%2529.gif" width="319" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"><br />
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<tr><td colspan="2" id="td6" style="color: #80ff00; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: 800;">Moon Phase Views...</td></tr>
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<tr><td id="th4" style="color: white; font-family: tahoma, arial, helvetica; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 600;">For practical purposes, phases of the Moon and the percent of the Moon illuminated are independent of the location on the Earth from where the Moon is observed. That is, all the phases occur at the same time regardless of the observer's position.<br />
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New Moon, First Quarter, Full Moon, and Last Quarter phases are considered to be primary phases and their dates and times are published in almanacs and on calendars. The two crescent and two gibbous phases are intermediate phases, each of which lasts for about a week between the primary phases, during which time the exact fraction of the Moon's disk that is illuminated gradually changes.</td></tr>
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<tr><td bgcolor="#888888" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="" border="0" height="100" src="http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonphase/new.gif" width="100" /></td><td id="td4" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><b>New Moon</b> - The Moon's unilluminated side is facing the Earth. The Moon is not visible (except during a solar eclipse).The lighted side of the Moon faces away from the Earth. This means that the Sun, Earth, and Moon are almost in a straight line, with the Moon in between the Sun and the Earth. The Moon that we see looks very dark.</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#888888" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="" border="0" height="100" src="http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonphase/waxingc.gif" width="100" /></td><td style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><b>Waxing Crescent</b> - The Moon appears to be partly but less than one-half illuminated by direct sunlight. The fraction of the Moon's disk that is illuminated is increasing. This Moon can be seen after the New Moon, but before the First Quarter Moon. The crescent will grow larger and larger every day, until the Moon looks like the First Quarter Moon.</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#888888" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="" border="0" height="100" src="http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonphase/first.gif" width="100" /></td><td style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><b>First Quarter</b> - One-half of the Moon appears to be illuminated by direct sunlight. The fraction of the Moon's disk that is illuminated is increasing. The right half of the Moon appears lighted and the left side of the Moon appears dark. During the time between the New Moon and the First Quarter Moon, the part of the Moon that appears lighted gets larger and larger every day, and will continue to grow until the Full Moon.</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#888888" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="" border="0" height="100" src="http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonphase/waxingg.gif" width="100" /></td><td style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><b>Waxing Gibbous</b> - The Moon appears to be more than one-half but not fully illuminated by direct sunlight. The fraction of the Moon's disk that is illuminated is increasing. This Moon can be seen after the First Quarter Moon, but before the Full Moon. The amount of the Moon that we can see will grow larger and larger every day. ("Waxing" means increasing, or growing larger.)</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#888888" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="" border="0" height="100" src="http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonphase/full.gif" width="100" /></td><td style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><b>Full Moon</b> - The Moon's illuminated side is facing the Earth. The Moon appears to be completely illuminated by direct sunlight. The lighted side of the Moon faces the Earth. This means that the Earth, Sun, and Moon are nearly in a straight line, with the Earth in the middle. The Moon that we see is very bright from the sunlight reflecting off it.</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#888888" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="" border="0" height="100" src="http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonphase/waningg.gif" width="100" /></td><td style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><b>Waning Gibbous</b> - The Moon appears to be more than one-half but not fully illuminated by direct sunlight. The fraction of the Moon's disk that is illuminated is decreasing. This Moon can be seen after the Full Moon, but before the Last Quarter Moon. The amount of the Moon that we can see will grow smaller and smaller every day. ("Waning" means decreasing, or growing smaller.)</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#888888" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="" border="0" height="100" src="http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonphase/last.gif" width="100" /></td><td style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><b>Last Quarter</b> - One-half of the Moon appears to be illuminated by direct sunlight. The fraction of the Moon's disk that is illuminated is decreasing. Sometimes called Third Quarter. The left half of the Moon appears lighted, and the right side of the Moon appears dark. During the time between the Full Moon and the Last Quarter Moon, the part of the Moon that appears lighted gets smaller and smaller every day. It will continue to shrink until the New Moon.</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#888888" style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="" border="1" height="100" src="http://home.hiwaay.net/~krcool/Astro/moon/moonphase/waningc.gif" width="100" /></td><td style="color: white; font-size: 11pt;"><b>Waning Crescent</b> - The Moon appears to be partly but less than one-half illuminated by direct sunlight. The fraction of the Moon's disk that is illuminated is decreasing. This Moon can be seen after the Last Quarter Moon and before the New Moon. The crescent will grow smaller and smaller every day, until the Moon looks like the New Moon.</td></tr>
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</tbody></table>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-82635166951604842662011-12-07T05:36:00.000-08:002011-12-07T05:36:36.480-08:00Days and Night<b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #003300; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt;">The Discovery of Day and Night</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #003300; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Astronomy was first studied by ancient Egyptians in their exploration of the Moon, stars and other objects in space. The ancient Egyptians were the first explorers to find out what causes day and night. They studied how the Sun and the Moon travelled across the sky by observing their different movements. The early astronomers discovered that the Earth contains an imaginary line, called an axis, that passes through the centre of the Earth. This axis also passed between the North and South Poles.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #003300; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt;">Occurrence of Day and Night<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #003300; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The Earth rotates on its axis. This rotation causes day and night. When the Earth faces the Sun, the part of the Earth experiences daytime. On the other hand, when the Earth faces away from the Sun, the part of the Earth experiences night-time. Thus, day being on one side of the Earth and night is on the other side of the Earth. Each rotation on the Earth’s axis takes about 24 hours to complete. This 24 hour cycle includes both day and night, and makes one day.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #003300; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
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<object style="height: 390px; width: 640px;"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/D3H5Tlw1Ozo?version=3&feature=player_detailpage"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/D3H5Tlw1Ozo?version=3&feature=player_detailpage" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowScriptAccess="always" width="640" height="360"></object>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-16804835301709039302011-12-07T05:29:00.001-08:002011-12-07T05:29:31.216-08:00The Solar System<object style="height: 390px; width: 640px;"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/fmxi3HvK2Js?version=3&feature=player_detailpage"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/fmxi3HvK2Js?version=3&feature=player_detailpage" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowScriptAccess="always" width="640" height="360"></object>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-84406332574455086272011-12-07T05:27:00.001-08:002011-12-07T05:27:57.406-08:00Solar System<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt;">Solar System<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFBe2m_K_mVdlaU7J45BXt1jvf6j-yNrV17f9JxVJ-WBu3avHHzwrpBNad4fFX1KcWg2_zkUota6lIpRJwfJ6ZLiBZZ0FBVevUkj23e10Px7lfgTeZsWXcXNpsYEEygbEHh9SMVr5cndE/s1600/solar_system.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="347" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFBe2m_K_mVdlaU7J45BXt1jvf6j-yNrV17f9JxVJ-WBu3avHHzwrpBNad4fFX1KcWg2_zkUota6lIpRJwfJ6ZLiBZZ0FBVevUkj23e10Px7lfgTeZsWXcXNpsYEEygbEHh9SMVr5cndE/s640/solar_system.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span></b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">Our Solar System consists of nine planets. The Earth is the third planet from the Sun. The Earth is always rotating on its axis from the west to the east. An axis is an imaginary line that connects the North and South Poles. It takes 24 hours or one day to complete one rotation. The Earth also moves around the Sun at the same time. It revolves around the Sun in 365<b>¼ </b></span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">days or one year.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"> The Moon is called a natural satellite of the Earth. The Moon rotates on its axis. It takes about 28 days to complete one rotation. At the same time, it also moves round the Earth. It takes about 28 days to complete one movement. The Earth moves around the Sun and the Moon moves round the Earth simultaneously.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"> The sunlight travels in a straight line. It cannot go around things. That is why there are dark shadows behind objects that stand in its way. In early mornings and evenings, the Sun rises on the horizon and makes long shadows. At noon, the Sun is directly overhead and makes short shadows. When the Earth rotates eastward, the Sun looks as though it is moving to the west. The rotation of the Earth on its axis from the west in the east changes the length and the position of the shadow throughout the day.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-31492274257692273592011-12-07T05:24:00.000-08:002011-12-07T05:24:46.428-08:00Sundial<div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: teal; font-family: Arial;">A sundial as shown below is used in ancient times to tell time. How does it work?<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: teal; font-family: Arial;"><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjauFp8R8ISElGPYPMcRwMjpFhb-uFC-7Xl0rWI5BVXiipfAVN1695oIbc6MCUzsdqDCVYsyOjK0kvf_nNYsL6Z-nWQ6pIipPySgdkwba02Qqwi0IjYA_Y_AVRPrUkPmNF-bbZIiksGL-k/s1600/sundial.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjauFp8R8ISElGPYPMcRwMjpFhb-uFC-7Xl0rWI5BVXiipfAVN1695oIbc6MCUzsdqDCVYsyOjK0kvf_nNYsL6Z-nWQ6pIipPySgdkwba02Qqwi0IjYA_Y_AVRPrUkPmNF-bbZIiksGL-k/s400/sundial.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;">Sundial</span></b></td></tr>
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<tr> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 426.1pt;" valign="top" width="568"> <div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: green; font-family: Arial;">The dial placed on the disc will cause a shadow to form during the day. The shadow will change as time pass. In terms of size and direction, so the shadow will point at different part of the scale that is marked on the disc. This is how people told time in the pass.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-49187256776188144082011-12-07T05:21:00.000-08:002011-12-07T05:21:35.589-08:00The Movement of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun.<b style="color: orange; font-size: x-large;">How do the Earth and the Moon moves around the sun?</b><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: orange; font-size: large;"><b><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><u>Earth orbit</u></b></span><br />
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<ul><li>Orbit is a fixed path that an object moves in.</li>
<li>The shape of the Earth's orbit is an elipse.</li>
</ul><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><u>The Sun</u></b></span><br />
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<ul><li>The bigbest object in the solar system.</li>
<li>It does not move and stays in the centre of the solar system.</li>
<li>It provides light and heat to other objects in the solar system</li>
</ul><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><u>Movement of the Earth</u></b></span><br />
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<ul><li>The Earth rotates on its axis.</li>
<li>It rotates from the west to the east.</li>
<li>The Earth's rotation on its axis causes the size and position of shadows that we see to change from time to time.</li>
<li>At the same time, the Earth also moves around the Sun.</li>
</ul><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><b><u>Movement of the Moon</u></b></span><br />
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<ul><li>The Moon rotates on its axis.</li>
<li>The Moon also moves around the Earth at the same time.</li>
</ul><br />
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><u>Moon orbit</u></span></b><br />
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<ul><li>The fixed path that the moon takes when it moves around the Earth.</li>
</ul><br />
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><u>Axes</u></span></b><br />
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<ul><li>Imaginary lines that connect the top and bottom of the Moon or Earth.</li>
</ul>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-45213314575190343032011-12-07T05:07:00.000-08:002011-12-07T05:07:58.481-08:00Games: Earth Moon and Sun<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.earthsunmoon.co.uk/" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguPjrTkvmEDvzkKtjqDq4uXtiL4d8QmdaiP6fdW2RkSpgsKfFC9DobqtyNPHVeDUm2DwscJHGjnZ-xZ6JTn9tQaiH7LB9pRP0ulzgTehSvI5YrJbf2L71ZaRmd33kyo_u8YDu6f2LCins/s400/earth+moon+and+sun.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><a href="http://www.earthsunmoon.co.uk/" target="_blank">Games Earth Moon and Sun</a>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-74764827371573354932011-12-07T04:53:00.000-08:002011-12-07T05:05:30.162-08:00Science Games - Earth, Sun & Moon<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="color: black; width: 978px;"><tbody>
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<tr><td height="240" valign="top" width="616"><div align="left" class="style51" style="font-size: 13px;"><div align="left"><img align="left" alt="Earth, Sun & Moon Game" height="106" hspace="16" src="http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/images/experiments/sunearthmoon106.jpg" vspace="2" width="106" /><span class="style27" style="color: #999900; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold;">Earth, Sun & Moon</span></div><div align="left" class="style51">Learn about the Earth, Sun & Moon's orbits as you experiment with different dates and times in this fun activity for kids. Discover how long the Earth takes to orbit the Sun, how many hours it takes the Earth to spin around once on its own axis, how long the Moon takes to orbit the Earth, how it all relates to our calendar and other useful facts. Watch how the Earth and Moon orbit the Sun, is it how you expected? Find the answers to these questions and learn more about the size of the Earth, Sun & Moon, their shape and the speed they travel through space with this cool, interactive science game.</div></div></td><td width="18"></td><td valign="top" width="330"><div align="left"><ins style="border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; display: inline-table; height: 250px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 300px;"></ins><br />
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</tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=7,0,19,0" height="419" style="clear: left; float: left;" title="Changing sounds" width="584"><embed src="http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/earth_sun_moon.swf" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="584" height="419"></object></div><div align="center"><br />
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</tbody></table>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-85770458847375771702011-12-07T04:50:00.000-08:002011-12-07T04:50:34.339-08:00Chapter 11: Earth, Moon and Sun<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">The Earth, The Moon and the Sun.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU4pt2AvrK5U89DJpzZ-Y1ne3CLHf0m2s4aAY1tzqZsrvgtASgpl_gNAHwLbtNR8rxZ96D7f1Yp2ITc4uipR9gQKeeqCWAQIJNA2ob3xZniNqJIXQ-2nyF5-NS1pjw5C535mML9aB2fdI/s1600/Sun.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU4pt2AvrK5U89DJpzZ-Y1ne3CLHf0m2s4aAY1tzqZsrvgtASgpl_gNAHwLbtNR8rxZ96D7f1Yp2ITc4uipR9gQKeeqCWAQIJNA2ob3xZniNqJIXQ-2nyF5-NS1pjw5C535mML9aB2fdI/s320/Sun.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-size: small;">Sun</span></b></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3LssPOy2Eqf8czv6c5GZ-2ApWgF0mv3b3TmLyvrbmQixgmSM3iHWlP_NhX6gGfNcPjb86ZOu9nxiZyY8lqUAHDju1n6GL2r5LqG4WNPFXQUX4_vy7G9ZNtL7OoI75i77seiZY41CXxTc/s1600/Earth.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3LssPOy2Eqf8czv6c5GZ-2ApWgF0mv3b3TmLyvrbmQixgmSM3iHWlP_NhX6gGfNcPjb86ZOu9nxiZyY8lqUAHDju1n6GL2r5LqG4WNPFXQUX4_vy7G9ZNtL7OoI75i77seiZY41CXxTc/s320/Earth.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-size: small;">Earth</span></b></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW4nsF8Sg3OpC6arBnAHCxpsBZ73KnEgXxMPsgD2wS8lOfoawy4Yp5Bl3Y4Tkcb3QFxKcnKamQiuBBwJo-auS4RsBzeE0Q4aYmSboaL8D5QkyqXhXKXx0AZWQLCP-ykXt7oyz4aJlu3SE/s1600/Moon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW4nsF8Sg3OpC6arBnAHCxpsBZ73KnEgXxMPsgD2wS8lOfoawy4Yp5Bl3Y4Tkcb3QFxKcnKamQiuBBwJo-auS4RsBzeE0Q4aYmSboaL8D5QkyqXhXKXx0AZWQLCP-ykXt7oyz4aJlu3SE/s1600/Moon.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue; font-size: small;"><b>Moon</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">Have you ever heard some saying its 10:00 p.m. here in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Malaysia</st1:country-region>, what time is there in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Munich</st1:city>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Germany</st1:country-region></st1:place>? Does this mean that the time in each country in the wrld is different from one another? Does this also mean that if some countries are experiencing at daytime. Other countries might be experiencing night-time? Why does this happen? This phenomena is only an example of the effect of the Earth’s movement. Other phenomena that is caused by the movement of the Earth include the occurrence of the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) and the changes in the size of shadows as the day goes by. But the Earth is not the only thing that moves in this universe. For example, the Moon moves around the Earth too!<o:p></o:p></span></div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-67314759499927638702011-12-07T04:44:00.001-08:002011-12-07T04:44:47.486-08:00Constellations - Test yourself<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">Text Yourself<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="background: aqua; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.0pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">Constellations<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="background: aqua; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.05pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">Scorpio<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="background: aqua; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.05pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">Orion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: aqua; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.0pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">direction<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="background: aqua; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.05pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">Big Dipper<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="background: aqua; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.05pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">time<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: aqua; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.0pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">hunter<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="background: aqua; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.05pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">Southern Cross<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="background: aqua; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.05pt;" valign="top" width="189"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.0pt;">light<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">The____________ always points to the north and has the shape of a___________ with a bow.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">The____________ has the shape of ladle.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">The____________ can be seen between April and June around 8:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">_______________ are useful to travelers in the desert and navigators in the sea.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">Stars emit _______________ at night.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">Besides showing ___________ , constellations can also indicate the ___________ to carry out certain activities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-21060781789664183832011-12-07T04:43:00.001-08:002011-12-07T04:43:52.424-08:00When can we see these constellations?<div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">When can we see these constellations?<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">*Constellations are seen clearly during the night. During the day, we cannot see the constellations because the sky is too bright.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">*Normally constellations can be seen between 8:00p.m. to 10:00 p.m.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">*As mentioned earlier, the location or position of the stars are fixed. But the Earth does not stay in the same place. It moves around the Sun.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;">*Therefore, certain constellations can be seen at certain times only, as shown in the following table:<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="background: #CC99FF; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">CONSTELLATION<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> <td style="background: #CC99FF; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: purple; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">MONTHS CAN BE SEEN<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #CCFFFF; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Orion<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFFF; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">December to February<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #FFFF99; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Scorpio<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> <td style="background: #FFFF99; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">June to August<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #CCFFFF; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Big Dipper<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFFF; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">April to June<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #FFFF99; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Southern Cross<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> <td style="background: #FFFF99; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 213.05pt;" valign="top" width="284"> <div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">April to June<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div></td> </tr>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.0pt;">Important of Constellations<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 9.0pt;"> Poets, farmer and astronomers created constellations over 6000 years ago. Farmers created constellations to help them with their crops. Before we had detailed calendars, farmers used the stars to remind them when to plant and when to harvest their crops. Since different constellations are only visible at certain times of the year, they could use them to tell what time of year it was. Astronomers used the constellations to map the sky. By having recognizable shapes and figures in the sky, it is much easier to find certain stars. These maps of the sky were also used by explorers for navigation. By knowing where stars are in the sky, you can easily determine which direction you are facing. For example, the North Star can be found in the Big Dipper. By finding the North Star, you can determine any direction needed. This is especially useful when navigating on the ocean.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-71302391687564740912011-12-06T06:34:00.002-08:002011-12-06T07:24:14.835-08:00Constellation-Southern Cross<h3 class="post-title entry-title" style="background-color: black; color: white; font: bold 30px Slackey; margin: 0px; position: relative;">SOUTHERN CROSS</h3><div class="post-header" style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: 'Josefin Sans'; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><div class="post-header-line-1"></div></div><div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-6029016592651364988" style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: 'Josefin Sans'; font-size: 20px; line-height: 28px; position: relative; width: 536px;"><span style="color: blue;">SOURTHEN CROSS (CRUX)</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2tvxiIZnH7f6P_jRmAZuljOfieWAKr11ySwaiOBgwxikVFWmCkf5xCCqyXwflWWmzz9xAFeFX6pUtUl2pVOzyO2XvxCxfBW7zL3MZMfjG0zes0EpB6TSiczp4Gj3nrx1TsMlhJvAXKTs/s1600/phenom_stars-2d.jpg" style="color: lime; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5593873283182709426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2tvxiIZnH7f6P_jRmAZuljOfieWAKr11ySwaiOBgwxikVFWmCkf5xCCqyXwflWWmzz9xAFeFX6pUtUl2pVOzyO2XvxCxfBW7zL3MZMfjG0zes0EpB6TSiczp4Gj3nrx1TsMlhJvAXKTs/s320/phenom_stars-2d.jpg" style="border: 1px solid transparent; display: block; height: 237px; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 8px; position: relative; text-align: center; width: 320px;" /></a><br />
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</div>Southern Cross can be seen as brilliant cross in the southern sky. Southern Cross shows the South Pole.<br />
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The Southern Cross is a constellation (group of stars) that is found in the southern region of the night sky. It is the most commonly known, and easily identifiable of all the southern constellations.<br />
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The Southern Cross' stars were of great importance to the aboriginal people. In central Australia, it was the belief that the pattern created by the stars in the cross was the footprint of a wedge-tailed eagle. The pointers were his throwing stick and the dark patch, his nest.<br />
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Other indigenous peoples believed that the Southern Cross and its pointers was a Stingray (the cross) that was being pursued throughout the southern sky by a Shark (the pointers). The aboriginals of eastern Australia, however, called the Cross "Mirrabooka". Mirrabooka was a kind and clever man who was immortalised by being put in the night sky by Biami, the creator. This was to assist with watching over the people on earth. The pointers are Mirrabooka's eyes - seeing all of the earth.<br />
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<span style="color: lime;">STORY TIME</span><br />
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There was a large rock cod (fish) named Alakitja who lived in the waters of the river known as the milky way. On his way to his favourite water hole he carefully avoided the sky people's fish traps. He swam pas the magnificent white blooms of the countless water lilies. These flowers shone so brightly that the people on earth could see them. They became known as stars. When he finally completed his journey and reached his waterhole he rested away from the harsh sun, under a large rock.<br />
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Meanwhile, two brothers had been creating rivers and mountains on earth. They suddenly became hungry and started to search for food. They saw the giant cod, Alakitja, in the waterhole so they threw their spears, killing him.<br />
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The brothers each made their own campfire and shared the large fish. They are still visible today - the 2 campfires are the Southern Cross stars known as Delta Crucis and Gamma Crucis. The two brightest stars of the Cross - Alpha and Beta Centauri are the two brothers and Alakitja is the nearby dark area (the coal sack).<br />
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Alpha and Beta Centauri, the 2 pointers, are actually friends of the two brothers who are waiting for their share of the fish.</div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-995406268578895602011-12-06T06:34:00.000-08:002011-12-06T07:33:28.684-08:00Constellation-Scorpion<h3 class="post-title entry-title" style="background-color: black; color: white; font: bold 30px Slackey; margin: 0px; position: relative;">SCORPION</h3><div class="post-header" style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: 'Josefin Sans'; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><div class="post-header-line-1"></div></div><div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-1960192650123237483" style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: 'Josefin Sans'; font-size: 20px; line-height: 28px; position: relative; width: 536px;"><span style="color: blue;">SCORPION (SCORPIO)</span><br />
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Scorpio is seen with it head, long body, tail and stinger. It can be seen between December and February in Malaysia.<br />
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The chief star in the constellation Scorpio is Antares. The name in Greek means 'rival of Mars', because of its red colour which makes it seem like the planet Mars.<br />
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Scorpio contains several sets of double (binary) stars. It also contains RR Scorpio, a variable star which gets brighter and dimmer and brighter again over a period of 281 days.<br />
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<span style="color: lime;">STORY TIME</span><br />
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To the ancient Greeks, the constellation Scorpius was the image of a scorpion. The constellation was related to the death of the hunter Orion. There are several different stories about Orion's death. According to one story, Orion wanted to kill all the earth's wild animals.<br />
However, the earth goddess Gaia was not pleased with Orion's intention. So, she sent a giant scorpion to attack Orion. No matter how hard he tried, Orion could not defeat the scorpion. When he tried to escape, the scorpion stung him to death with its poisonous tail.<br />
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As a reward for its service, Gaia placed the scorpion's image in the nighttime sky. To this day, it looks as if the scorpion is always chasing after Orion in the nighttime sky.</div>SiewWMhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05349308624812521075noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-233944977161412784.post-84484818066679791112011-12-06T06:33:00.001-08:002011-12-06T06:33:20.920-08:00Constellation-Big Dipper<h3 class="post-title entry-title" style="background-color: black; color: white; font: normal normal bold 30px/normal Slackey; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; position: relative;">BIG DIPPER</h3><div class="post-header" style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: 'Josefin Sans'; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div class="post-header-line-1"></div></div><div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-2862085166105895421" style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: 'Josefin Sans'; font-size: 20px; line-height: 28px; position: relative; width: 536px;"><span style="color: blue;">BIG DIPPER (URSA MAJOR)</span><br />
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Big Dipper is a group of seven bright stara thet form a pattern of a handle and as bowl. Orian and Big Dipper show the North Pole.<br />
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It resembles a big ladle .It is also use to guide other stars in the Northen Hemisphere. <b>Polaris</b> the North Star is found by drawing the imaginary line between the two stars at the end of the bowl which are called <b>Pointer</b> Stars as a line drawn between points to Pole Star.The big dipper is a circumpolar constellation so stay above the horizon all the night as it apperantly rotates around Polaris due to Earth's rotation.<br />
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<span style="color: lime;">STORY TIME</span><br />
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A Greek story (the Big Bear was so-called before Homer) explains that Zeus fell in love with a mortal woman named Callisto, who was a far-traveler and a huntress. His wife Hera became jealous, and changed Callisto into a large bear. When Callisto failed to return after a long journey, her son Arcas set out to find her, and in a forest one day met a huge bear. To his horror, the bear started to run toward him. Not perceiving it was his mother, Arcas fitted an arrow to his bow and was about to slay the bear, when Zeus, to avert the impending tragedy, changed Arcas into a smaller bear (he could not undo the spell of Hera). Then Zeus grabbed both bears by the tails, swung them around (thus stretching their tails out), and hurled them into the sky where they would be safe and immortal. However, Hera had the last word, moving them to the portion of the sky that never sets, so that until the end of the world Callisto and Arcas must endure<br />
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